Research Areas
Corporate Governance, FinTech, Financial Institutions, Hedge Funds
Education
- Ph.D. in Economics, Columbia University, New York, 2013
- M.S. in Architecture and Urban Design, Columbia University, New York, 2005
- Bachelor of Architecture, Tongji University, Shanghai, 2004
Publications
“Investor Ideology,” with Patrick Bolton, Enrichetta Ravina, and Howard Rosenthal, Journal of Financial Economics 137(2), 320-352, August 2020.
- Winner of the 2019 Aberdeen Standard Investments Best Paper Prize (ECGI)
- Featured in the SEC’s Proposed Amendments to Proxy Rules for Proxy Voting Advice
- Data on investors’ ideal points and proposal midpoints are available upon request
“The Long Rise and Quick Fall of Appraisal Arbitrage,” with Wei Jiang and Randall Thomas, Boston University Law Review 100(6), 2133-2177, December 2020.
“Seeking Out Non-Public Information: Sell-Side Analysts and the Freedom of Information Act,” with April Klein and Bobo Zhang, The Accounting Review 95(1), 233-257, January 2020.
“Influencing Control: Jawboning in Risk Arbitrage,” with Wei Jiang and Danqing Mei, Journal of Finance 73(6), 2635-2675, December 2018.
“Outsourcing Corporate Governance: Conflicts of Interest Within the Proxy Advisory Industry,” Management Science 64(6), 2951-2971, June 2018.
“Appraisal: Shareholder Remedy or Litigation Arbitrage?” with Wei Jiang, Danqing Mei, and Randall Thomas, Journal of Law and Economics 59(3), 697-729, August 2016.
- Coverage: Financial Times, New York Times, New York Times, Bloomberg, Financial Times
“Activist M&A Arbitrage in Acquirers,” with Wei Jiang and Danqing Mei (2018), Finance Research Letters 29, 156-161, June 2019.
“The Value of Access to Rail Transit in a Congested City: Evidence from Housing Prices in Beijing,” Real Estate Economics 48(2), 556-598, Summer 2020.
Working Papers
“Contradictory Voting by ESG Funds,” with Lakshmi Naaraayanan and Kunal Sachdeva (2020).
“Municipal Finance During the COVID-19 Pandemic,” with Jing Lu (2020, draft coming soon).
- Presentations: Virtual Municipal Finance Workshop 2021, Midwest Finance Association
“Cryptocurrency Pump-and-Dump Schemes,” with Donghwa Shin and Baolian Wang (2019).
- Presentations: SEC, Princeton, Cornell, AEA, LSE Paul Woolley Centre Conference, Crypto Day Conference (Georgetown), GSU FinTech Conference, 2nd Toronto FinTech Conference, Chicago Financial Institutions Conference, 1st Annual Symposium in Financial Economics (ABFER, CEPR and CUHK), CICF
- Coverage: Columbia Law School Blue Sky Blog, Yahoo Finance, Kenan Insights, CCN, Les Échos (French), Bitcoin News, BTCNN, Bitcoin Exchange Guide, The Crypto Updates, Nakamoto Jedi, EconomicPolicyJournal.com, UF Warrington Newsroom
“The Wisdom of Crowds in FinTech: Evidence from Initial Coin Offerings,” with Jongsub Lee and Donghwa Shin (2019).
- Presentations: Princeton, ASSA, WFA, 18th FDIC Banking Research Conference, FIRS, Fintech, Social Finance, and Financial Stability (ADBI-CUHK-SFI), Florida Blockchain Think Tank
- Winner of the NH Investment & Securities 2018 CAFM Conference Best Paper Award
- Coverage: Digital Asset Research, Investopedia, Duke Law School FinReg Blog
“Picking Friends Before Picking (Proxy) Fights: How Mutual Fund Voting Shapes Proxy Contests,” with Alon Brav, Wei Jiang, and James Pinnington (2019), Columbia Business School Research Paper No. 18-16; ECGI Finance Working Paper No. 601/2019. Online Appendix
- Winner of the 2020 Aberdeen Standard Investments Best Paper Prize (ECGI)
- Presentations: NBER Corporate Finance Summer Institute, AFA, 10th Annual Hedge Fund Research Conference, FTSE World Investment Forum, UVA/ICI Symposium on Mutual Funds and ETFs, Columbia Law School, Columbia Business School
- Coverage: Harvard Law School Forum on Corporate Governance
“The Benefits of Friendship in Hedge Fund Activism,” with Ellen He (2019). Revise and Resubmit
- Presentations: 4th Conference on Recent Advances in Mutual and Hedge Fund Research (Humboldt & ESMT), EFA, 9th Annual Hedge Fund Research Conference, CEPR Annual Spring Symposium in Financial Economics (Imperial College), Consortium on Institutional Investing and Hedge Funds (Cambridge University), The Role of Hedge Funds and other Collective Investments in the Modern World (Manchester), FMA, FMA Europe
- Coverage: Seeking Alpha
“Acquiring and Trading on Complex Information: How Hedge Funds Use the Freedom of Information Act,” with April Klein (2015). This paper was previously circulated under the title “Costs and Benefits of Acquiring Information: How Hedge Fund Managers Trade on the Freedom of Information Act.”
- Presentations: EFA, American Law & Economics Association, Annual Hedge Fund Research Conference (Paris), EFMA, FMA
- Winner of the 2015 EFMA Conference Best Paper Award
- Semi-finalist for the 2015 FMA Conference Best Paper Award
- Coverage: Barclay’s Insider Report
Fellowships and Honors
- Dean’s Award for Teaching Excellence on the MBA Program, Warwick Business School, 2015.
- The 2020 Aberdeen Standard Investments Finance Prize (ECGI Working Paper series): “Picking Friends Before Picking (Proxy) Fights: How Mutual Fund Voting Shapes Proxy Contests.”
- The 2019 Aberdeen Standard Investments Finance Prize (ECGI Working Paper series): “Investor Ideology.”
- INQUIRE Europe Award (€10,000), “Hedge Fund Activism and Big Bears: The Role of Large Short Positions Disclosures,” 2018.
- Best Paper Award, 2015 European Financial Management Association (EFMA): “Costs and Benefits of Acquiring Information: How Hedge Fund Managers Trade on the Freedom of Information Act.”
- Best Paper Award, 2015 Consortium on Activist Investors, Corporate Governance and Hedge Funds: “Influencing Control: Jawboning in Risk Arbitrage.”
- Finalist, 2016 Crowell Memorial Prize, PanAgora Asset Management: “Influencing Control: Jawboning in Risk Arbitrage.”
- William Kinne Fellows Memorial Traveling Prize, Columbia University, 2005.
Other Publications
- “The Long Rise and Quick Fall of Appraisal Arbitrage,” with Wei Jiang and Randall Thomas, Harvard Law School Forum on Corporate Governance, March 17, 2020.
- “Comment on Proposed Rule: Amendments to Exemptions from the Proxy Rules for Proxy Voting Advice,” U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, January 30, 2020.
- “How institutional investors’ shareholder voting reflects their ideologies and values,” VoxEU, July 30, 2019.
- “Cryptocurrency Pump-and-Dump Schemes,” Columbia Law School Blue Sky Blog, January 7, 2019.
- “Comment on Statement Announcing SEC Staff Roundtable on the Proxy Process,” U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, November 1, 2018.
- “The Rise of Activist Arbitrage,” with Wei Jiang, and Danqing Mei, Chazen Institute Research Brief, Columbia Business School, August 24, 2018.
- “The Wisdom of Crowds in Initial Coin Offerings,” with Jongsub Lee, and Donghwa Shin, Duke Law School FinReg Blog, July 24, 2018.
- “Activist Arbitrage in M&A Acquirers,” with Wei Jiang, and Danqing Mei, Harvard Law School Forum on Corporate Governance, April 6, 2018.
- “Investor Ideology,” with Patrick Bolton, Enrichetta Ravina, and Howard Rosenthal, Harvard Law School Forum on Corporate Governance, March 14, 2018.
- “Picking Friends Before Picking (Proxy) Fights: How Mutual Fund Voting Shapes Proxy Contests,” with Alon Brav, and Wei Jiang, Harvard Law School Forum on Corporate Governance, February 12, 2018.
- “Outsourcing Corporate Governance,” Harvard Law School Forum on Corporate Governance, September 18, 2016.
- “Influencing Control: Jawboning in Risk Arbitrage,” with Wei Jiang, and Danqing Mei, Harvard Law School Forum on Corporate Governance, May 30, 2016.
- “Reforming the Delaware Law to Address Appraisal Arbitrage,” with Wei Jiang, Danqing Mei, and Randall Thomas, Harvard Law School Forum on Corporate Governance, May 12, 2016.
- “Conflicts of Interest within the Proxy Advisory Industry,” Ethical Boardroom Magazine (London), Winter Edition 2014, pp 94-95.
- “Conflicts of Interest and Competition in the Proxy Advisory Industry,” Columbia Law School Blue Sky Blog, December 18, 2013.
Book Review
Merger Masters: Tales of Arbitrage (2018) by Kate Welling and Mario Gabelli (GAMCO Investors, Inc.)
Selected Media Citations
- “Should Cryptocurrency “Pump-and-Dump” Schemes be Regulated?” The Kenan Institute of Private Enterprise, December 2020.
- “Conflicts of Interest Among Proxy Advisors,” London Business School Centre for Corporate Governance, February 18, 2019.
- “Pump-and-dump schemes detrimental to cryptocurrencies and investors, UF Warrington research finds,” Warrington Newsroom at University of Florida, November 20, 2018.
- “Crypto Pump and Dump Schemes Analyzed by Academics in New Paper,” The Crypto Updates, October 27, 2018.
- “An Academic Study: Dumb Money is Getting Scammed By Cryptocurrency Pump & Dump Schemes,” EconomicPolicyJournal.com, October 31, 2018.
- “University Researchers Analyze Cryptocurrency Pump and Dump Schemes,” Bitcoin Exchange Guide, October 26, 2018.
- “Pump-And-Dump Schemes Pervasive In Cryptocurrency: Scholars Report,” XBT Network, October 26, 2018.
- “Scholars Analyze The Impact of Pump And Dump,” NakamotoJedi.com, October 26, 2018.
- “Arnaques: ces manipulations qui sévissent sur les cryptomonnaies,” Les Échos, October 26, 2018.
- “Anatomy of Pump and Dumps Revealed in a New Study,” Bitcoin News, October 25, 2018.
- “Academics Analyze Crypto Pump and Dump Schemes in New Paper,” CCN, October 25, 2018.
- “Study: Hedge Funds That Break Deals Rather Than Make Deals Make The Big Bucks,” Benzinga, October 7, 2018.
- “Hedge funds in the business of breaking up deals see big payoff, study finds,” CNBC, October 2, 2018.
- “The implications of investor ideology for Delaware’s shareholder ratification doctrine,” Stephen Bainbridge’s Blog on Law, Religion, Politics, and Culture, UCLA School of Law, July 11, 2018.
- “Can Wisdom of Crowds Replace Analysts And Experts During An ICO?” Investopedia, June 29, 2018.
- “Investor Ideology,” International Centre for Pension Management, March 2018.
- “Hedge funds face ‘game over’ for buyout strategy,” Financial Times, December 28, 2017.
- “Appraisal rights: non-traditional shareholder activism,” Aberdeen Asset Management, October 13, 2017.
- “Conflicts of Interest Among Proxy Advisors,” “Access to Finance” blog, Alex Edmans, London Business School, June 18, 2017.
- “Claims from hedge funds cause rise in appraisal actions,” Research News at Vanderbilt University, June 7, 2017.
- “The Powerful Private Regulator and the Effects of Conflicts of Interest,” Pro-Market blog, Stigler Center at Chicago Booth, May 3, 2017.
- “Judges second-guess value established in competitive M&A process,” Financial Times, March 27, 2017.
- “A Judge Decides Fair Value for Dell,” New York Times, page B1, June 7, 2016.
- “Del. Merger Proposals Would Reduce Appraisal Claims: Study,” Bloomberg, May 26, 2016.
- “Delaware Effort to Protect Shareholders May Hurt Them,” New York Times, page B3, May 25, 2016.
- “Hedge Fund Activists Need Friends,” Seeking Alpha, September 9, 2016.
- “Will Appraisal ‘Reform’ Be Successful?” Appraisal Rights Litigation Blog, June 30, 2016.
- “Is Bill Ackman a Good or Bad Activist Investor?” Agenda (Financial Times), May 16, 2016.
- “Appraisal Rights and ‘Risk Arbitrage’” Appraisal Rights Litigation Blog, January 20, 2016.